Comparison of Phenotypic and Genotypic Methods for Detection of Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus spp. Isolated from Wound Infection in Animals

A wound is a break in the skin or tissues, which can be associated with structural and functional disruption. The invasion of pathogenic organisms aggravates wounds, which are one of the most harmful illnesses in the body. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a serious public health issue that compromises our ability to treat infections. AMR is observed in many bacteria, and this is increasing day by day due to the excessive use of antimicrobial agents. In the present study, a total of 105 wound swab samples were collected aseptically from dogs (50), cattle (36), goats (10), buffaloes (5), cats (3), and a horse (1) suffering from wound infection from Anand district of Gujarat. Out of 105 wound swab samples, 94.29% (99) wound swab samples were found positive for bacterial pathogen isolation, while 5.71% (6) were found negative. The beta-lactam resistance genes bla_SHV and bla_CMY were detected in 1.89% (1/53) and 26.41% (14/53) isolates of Staphylococcus spp., respectively, while bla_TEM could not be detected in any of the bacterial isolates. Quinolone resistance genes qnrA, qnrS, gyrA, and gyrB were detected in 1.89% (1/53), 5.66% (3/53), 3.77% (2/53), and 5.66% (3/53) isolates of Staphylococcus spp., respectively, while qnrB could not be detected in any of the bacterial isolates. Aminoglycoside resistance genes aac(3)-1V and aadA1 were detected in 11.32% (6/53) and 13.21% (7/53) isolates of Staphylococcus spp. The methicillin resistance gene mecA was detected in 13.21% (7/53) isolates of Staphylococcus spp.