Advances in proteomics technology offer great promise in the understanding & treatment of the molecular basis of disease. The past decade of proteomics research, the study of dynamic protein expression, post- translational modifications, cellular and sub-cellular protein distribution and protein- protein interactions, has culminated in the identification of many related biomarkers & potential new drug targets. Fluorescence Recovery After Photo bleaching (FRAP) was developed in 1970’s. FRAP is a time consuming methodology required to purify and label proteins & inject them into cells is not yet popular but the revolution created by the development of GFP technology, finally led to a tremendous boost of FRAP application in studying the behavior of proteins in the living cell nucleus. A 6.3 kDa, p32, low abundance, highly conserved nuclear protein, is a target for lead. A nuclear matrix protein stabilized by lead exposure. Proteomics remains the tool of choice for discovery research. At present the most promising application for proteomics is in the screening of specific subsets of protein biomarkers for certain diseases, rather than large scale full protein profiling. Circulating tumor makers have been used increasingly in recent years as clinical tools for caner diagnosis. Progress on the nuclear matrix protein known as NuMA as a marker bladder cancer is presented. Nuclear proteins may be useful biomarkers of neoplastic diseases in serum, body fluids & tissues. Thus, nuclear protein should prove an exciting & fruitful area of investigation for experimental & clinical pathology. The advances of nuclear proteins that has propelled us to this exciting age of clinical proteomics &highlights the future work that is required for this to become a reality.
Chicken liver, nuclear protein, quantification
