Naxalism as an internal security threats of Indian states: An appraisal of state response

The Naxal insurgency has challenged the Indian State’s internal security since the 1970s-decades. It emerged from Naxalbari region of West Bengal as a peasant revolt against socio economic injustice. It has gradually deviated from its original objectives which emerged as a violent resistance movement and posed the single biggest threat to internal security in India till 2006. The present study focuses on examining the history of Naxalism with tracing its origin, and causes. Another focused point of this paper is to examine the periodic responses of Indian state governments against the Naxal insurgency. To achieve these objectives, The data has been collected from secondary sources such as various government reports, scholarly views, periodical newspapers and news magazines etc. A major finding of this paper is that an integrated and comprehensive policy has been adopted as a joint effort by the Central and State Governments for the protection, development, rights of local communities, administration, and tackling threats of Naxal activities and Maoist ideology across the country. The Ministry of Home Affairs (GOI) has also taken various important initiatives in the context of Naxalite affected states that has led to tackle Naxal problems and to promote developmental approach in Naxal affected areas of the country.