Study of connection between intestinal microbiota and thyroid gland in patients with diffusive euthyroid goiter

According to world statistics, thyroid diseases occur almost in 30% of the world’s population, among thyroid diseases the most common is diffuse goiter (mainly in regions with iodine deficiency), nodules, and nowadays also noted an increase of autoimmune thyroid pathology. According to the WHO, about 2 billion people on Earth live in conditions of iodine deficiency, which leads to the development of diseases such as endemic diffuse and nodular goiter, mental and physical retardation of children, cretinism, miscarriage. In conditions of iodine deficiency, the risk of radiation-induced diseases of the thyroid gland (thyroid gland) in the event of nuclear disasters also increases hundred times [1,9]. Iodine is a microelement necessary for the making of thyroid hormones. The daily requirement for iodine depends on age and physiological state and ranges from 100 to 250 ng / day [2, 4,6]. Lack of iodine intake into the body leads to the start of a chain of sequential adaptive processes aimed at maintaining the normal synthesis and secretion of thyroid hormones. But if the deficiency of these hormones persists for a long time, it causes of breakdown of adaptation mechanisms with the subsequent development of iodine deficiency diseases (IDD) [2,9].