Modernist trends in the literature of the twentieth century: features of futurism and its varieties

In the article, the author reveals futurism as one of the contradictory avant-garde trends in literature, new phenomena in language and literature, connected by the poetic views of the futurists, their theoretical platform. In the first decades, many masters broke with the established traditions: various directions of the avant-garde appeared (French “cutting edge ”, “advanced department”). In terms offormal stylistics, the poetics offuturism developed and complicated the symbolism for the renewal of the poetic language. They very vigorously used compositional and graphic effects, updated the meanings of words and changed semantic relationships in the text.