Voice formation mechanism and causes of voice impairment

Violations of speech and voice, regardless of the reasons for their occurrence and the structure of the defect, complicate the communicative function. The human voice is a unique phenomenon and the ability to speak, express one’s thoughts characterizes a person as a person. Voice disorders are the absence or disorder of phonation due to pathological changes in the vocal apparatus. In the presence of pathological changes in the larynx, the normal function of the voice is disrupted - the sonority of the voice decreases, hoarseness appears, the voice can completely disappear. Particularly persistent voice disorders are found with organic changes in the larynx. In this article, we will consider the anatomical and physiological mechanisms of speech and voice and the causes of voice disorders.