The role of science, technology and innovation in sustainable development

Science and Technology in a country is an essential requirement for a strong economy and security needs of any country. The countries having strong and meritable Science and Technology institutions are indeed the “Advanced Countries” in the world and their people enjoy a high standard of living. Further it is also very important that to continue such advancement, the sustainability of the Science and Technology institutions is insured by effective planning by the governments in power. The important parameters such as regular availability of a well-planned meritable human resource, the application of the research quality parameters for Science and Technology, human resources and the institutions are discussed with respect to the available examples of advanced countries. Emphasis has been laid on developing strong research and development culture and the methods of ensuring quality of research are discussed. Progressive and advanced countries of Europe, USA and Japan are describing the mechanism by which the quality research and development for their Science and Technology institutions has been emphasised to ensure their sustainability as well as effective utilisation of quality Research and Development for Industrial products to help the economy effectively. It has been proposed that for the sustainability of Science and Technology institutions, a visionary planning is important to prepare qualified and competent manpower to regularly replace the retiring manpower. Extensions beyond retiring age are in injustice to good successors and are damaging to the sustainability of Science and Technology institutions. Scheme for ensuring better utilization of basic research to improve Industrial products have been proposed which could help the economy of a country.