Hyperlipidemia: A Public Health Implication

Plasma lipids are found in the form of cholesterol and triglycerides. In small adequate amounts they have various function in the body. Increased intake of fat in diet and physical inactivity is one of the main causes of hyperlipidemia. Familial hyperlipidemia is inheritance of this condition which would increase the risk of cardiovascular disease in the family. The medical treatment involves consumption of medication, most commonly used are the statins. Furthermore, the long term goal is prevention of cardiovascular disease and reducing their risk factors. Practice of moderate physical activity and a balance diet is the key towards prevention. It is genetically heterogeneous and there is no genetically diagnostic marker. The diagnostic is based on fractal cut points for serum lipids and first medical action is restriction of fat. The dietary factors cannot be dissociated from the genetic factors and also that excess intake offood can stress the metabolic system. However the stress maybe greater if a genetic defect is present. In such conditions dietary factors, such as restriction of fats and oil should be considered. Most European countries are on top of the list. High lipid levels in blood are considered as a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases.