Growth of Dairy Sector in Punjab — Prospects and Challenges

The study has examined the trends in bovine population, growth of milk production and sources of its growth and challenges ahead for the further growth of dairy sector in the state of Punjab. The study is based on the secondary data collected from various published sources such as Statistical Abstracts of Punjab, Livestock Census of Punjab, etc. and websites for the period 1977 to 2007. The population of less-productive bovines (indigenous cattle) has declined, and of productive animals like crossbred cows and buffaloes has increased. A structural change in the composition of milk production has taken place in the state. The productivity of milch animals, as measured by their yields, has indicated a steady increase. But there are challenges ahead for the further growth of dairy sector in the state. Scarcity of feed and fodders is one of the major constraints in milk production. Reproductive disorders mainly anoestrous and repeat breeding are frequently encountered in the state due to micronutrient deficiencies. Moreover, a rise in the proportion of not calved bovines is a matter of concern.