1 Department of Soil and Water Engineering, PAU, Ludhiana- 141004.
Huge quantities of municipal and industrial wastewater are being generated in our country. Safe disposal/reuse of wastewater is necessary to reduce pollution and partially overcome water scarcity. Constructed wetlands are an exciting new application of technology that is very effective in improving water quality. This paper describes various types of constructed wetlands with emphasis on subsurface constructed wetlands, mechanisms involved, in the treatment process alongwith advantages and limitations. A few case studies have also been presented. The results of these studies prove that high degree of purification from domestic as well as industrial wastewater can be achieved by using this technique. These systems have great scope in developing countries due to their low cost, minimum maintenance and high efficiency.
