Energy use and economical analysis for green gram production under different farming systems in Northern India

This study was undertaken to estimate the input and output energy per unit area and to make an economic analysis for green gram production under different farming levels. Data for the production of green gram were collected from 70 farmers by using a face to face questionnaire divided into two groups. Group I of 40 farmers (owner of bullock drawn machinery) and Group II of 30 farmers (owner of tractor operated machinery).The results revealed that the energy consumption of Group I and II were 6745.03 and 9435.26 MJha⁻¹, respectively. The total energy consumption from chemical fertilizer was 38.02% and 31.59%, and from direct energy sources was 52.26% and 47.74% for Group I and II respectively. The output-input energy ratio, average energy productivity for Group I was 1.66 and 0.12 and for Group II 1.49 and 0.11 respectively. The specifc energy and net energy of green gram production for Group I was 8.30 MJ kg⁻¹ and 4479.51 MJ ha⁻¹ and for Group II 8.41MJ kg⁻¹ and 4595.11 MJ ha⁻¹ respectively. An economic analysis showed that total production cost of green gram in Group I and II were 312.68 and 346.41 $ ha⁻¹, respectively. The beneft to cost ratio for surveyed group were 2.85 and 3.24, respectively. It was concluded that energy input may be enhanced for more economic beneft in green gram production.