Bioactives in Soybean: Health Implications and Transgenic Improvement

Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.), an herbaceous annual plant within the Leguminosae family, has garnered significant scientific attention and widespread recognition for its potential role in preventing and treating a spectrum of human chronic diseases. The health benefits associated with soy consumption are primarily attributed to the presence of bioactive compounds, including isoflavones, saponins, phytic acid, and phytosterols. Recognizing the therapeutic value of these bioactive constituents, ongoing efforts are dedicated to augmenting their presence within soybean varieties. One of the prominent strategies employed in this endeavor involves the utilization of transgenic techniques to enhance the expression of these crucial bioactives. In this comprehensive review article, we delve into a detailed exploration of the bioactive compounds present in soybeans, their multifaceted health benefits and various transgenic methodologies that have been harnessed to increase the bioactive content of soybean varieties.