Role of gene transfer techniques for production of transgenic plants and its limitation

Gene transfer is to transfer a gene from one organism to another organism for improving their trait or characteristics. In plant breeding, technique involving gene transfers through sexual and vegetative propagation are well established but the application of these conventional techniques takes a long time. It usually takes 6–8 year to produce a new variety of plant by sexual propagation, But now several methods of gene transformation are currently available for delivering exogenous DNA to plant cells which taken minimum time. Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, microprojectile bombardment and much other transformation technique are routinely used today. However, each of them has certain advantage and disadvantages, which led to research into the development of novel alternative systems such as Electroporation of cells and tissues, microinjection, pollen-tube pathway, silicon carbide-and liposome mediated transformation. So we can conclude that the above method of transformation is easy to use and time saving for the production of transgenic plant. These Gene transformation techniques relatively provide new possibilities for the improvement of various disabilities.