Fault detection using electromagnetic time reversal: The problem of losses

The issue of fault finding in AC and DC power networks has recently been addressed using electromagnetic time reversal (EMTR). The impact of losses on the use of EMTR to detect faults is examined in this study. Three back propagation models are presented and explored. Even though the telegrapher's equations are not precisely time-reversal invariant in this instance, we demonstrate that a back-propagation model with losses results in a flawless estimate of the fault site.