The issue of calquing in chinese terminology (on the example of military terms)

This article is devoted to the construction and analysis of Chinese military terms under the influence of external factors. Using the method of definitional analysis, the author explores the penetration of borrowings from a foreign language into the system of Chinese military terms, the ways of their formation and vocabulary enrichment, some restrictions in the formation of sound borrowings. The methods of phonetic and semantic calque have also been comparatively studied, and the activity of semantic calque in the military vocabulary of the modern Chinese language has been proved by examples. The article provides a descriptive analysis of borrowings formed under the influence of the English and Russian languages, and conclusions about the Chinese military terms that emerged on their basis.