Employment performance: A study on Labour market in India

In India the unorganized labor is divided into four sections as per the India's Ministry of labour, in its 2008 report. A separate category of occupation group which includes landless agricultural labours, share croppers, small and marginal farmers, fishermen, weavers, leather workers those engaged in animal husbandry, labeling and packing, beedi rolling, building and construction workers, salt washers, artisans, workers in oil mills, workers in brick klins and stone quarries and workers in saw mills. In the tertiary sector, trade recording a fast increase in its share in employment and a magnificent increase in its share in GDP in the post-reform period and same is for financial services which accounted faster increase both in its employment and GDP share, though its share in employment is small. Although the large share has gone to services and construction, and only marginally to manufacturing, the process has led to an acceleration in labour productivity. The level of per worker productivity has increased three times during the period 1993–94 to 2011–12. They are largely either casual workers or own-account workers. Overcoming the low productivity and poor income streams of this large group is indeed a gigantic task. So the challenge for creating suitable employment opportunities for the youth bulge is particularly acute with regard to young women. Out of total workers near about 30 million workers are most in agriculture and migrant workers and stable employment is not available for them, about 52 percent of Indian labour alone employed dairy, agriculture, horticulture and related occupations.