Classification of chemical accidents regarding the damaging factors of strong poisons and their distribution

The article examines the classification of highly toxic substances, types of chemical accidents and their striking factors. According to the toxic properties of highly toxic substances can be divided into 4 groups: non-toxic; substances of medium toxicity; highly toxic; toxic substances. According to the degree of impact on the human body, highly toxic substances are divided into the following groups: suffocating substances with cauterizing action; substances with General toxic tissue and hemoglobin effects; neutron-suffocating; substances with suffocating and General toxic effects. Accident at chemically hazardous facilities classified by the following factors: place of occurrence of an accident; source distribution of highly toxic substances; the scale of the use of chemical accidents; the scope of the occurrence of a chemical accident. Depending on the ratio of the critical temperature, ambient temperature, and storage conditions all of highly toxic substances can be divided into 4 main groups: substances having a critical temperature far below ambient temperature; substances whose critical temperature is higher and a boiling point below the ambient temperature; substances which have a critical temperature and boiling point above the ambient temperature, substances stored at atmospheric pressure in liquid or solid phase; substances that belong to group 3, but are at elevated temperature and pressure. The article contains recommendations on measures to protect the population from the damaging factors of chemical accidents.