Evaluation of Dissolution Behaviour and Physicochemical Characteristics of Five different Brands of Metformin HCl Tablets

Diabetes mellitus is a widespread metabolic disorder that results in chronic hyperglycemia due to impairments in insulin secretion, action, or both. This condition contributes significantly to global health burdens and mortality, with India accounting for a substantial share of cases owing to its large diabetic population. Metformin hydrochloride, a first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes, is renowned for its ability to effectively regulate blood sugar levels while maintaining a favorable safety profile. This research focuses on comparing the quality and performance of five Metformin hydrochloride tablet brands available in Satara, Maharashtra. Evaluations were conducted on parameters such as tablet weight uniformity, hardness, friability, disintegration time, drug dissolution behavior, and assay. To further analyze drug release patterns, the dissolution profiles were modeled using kinetic frameworks such as zero-order, first-order, Higuchi, Korsmeyer-Peppas, and Hixson-Crowell equations. The study found that all tablet brands met pharmacopoeial standards for physical attributes, but variations in dissolution profiles were observed. These findings emphasize the importance of quality assessments among different brands to ensure consistent therapeutic outcomes and patient safety. By offering insights into the reliability and performance of Metformin hydrochloride brands, this study aids healthcare providers in selecting effective treatment options for optimal diabetes management.