Proteomics: Technology, challenges and advances

Proteomics is the study of proteins and involves the applications of technologies for the identification and quantification of overall proteins present content of a cell, tissue or an organism. Proteomics is developing fast due to the growing number of proteins obtained by recombinant DNA technology. Proteomics-based technologies are utilized in various capacities for different research settings such as the detection of various diagnostic markers, candidates for vaccine production, understanding pathogenicity mechanisms and interpretation of functional protein pathways in different diseases. Protein analysis employs various techniques and methods, which helps to study the proteomics. While the potential is great, many challenges and issues remain to be solved such as mining and integration of the proteomics. Over the last decade, technological advances in proteomics have driven or increased the capability of proteomics discovery. This review efforts to describe various technologies for the protein analysis, challenges and recent advances employed in the field of proteomics.