Phytochemistry and Therapeutic Potential of Trichosanthes tricuspidata Lour: A Comprehensive Review
Abstract
Trichosanthes tricuspidata Lour, commonly known as the Three-Lobed Snake Gourd, is a medicinal plant from the Cucurbitaceae family, native to Southeast Asia. Renowned for its bioactive compounds, it has extensive applications in traditional medicine, treating ailments such as fever, inflammation, and cancer. Key bioactive compounds include triterpenoids, saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids, polysaccharides, and lectins, contributing to its anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antipyretic, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and antimicrobial properties. Despite its medicinal potential, awareness outside its native regions is limited. Modern research is increasingly validating its traditional uses, although further clinical trials are needed to fully understand its therapeutic benefits and safety profile.
To evaluate the bioactive compounds, traditional uses, pharmacological activities, and therapeutic potential of Trichosanthes tricuspidata Lour (Three-Lobed Snake Gourd), with a focus on its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, anti-microbial, anti-helminthic, and gastroprotective activities, in order to provide scientific validation for its use in modern medicine and promote sustainable harvesting practices for its conservation.
Keywords
Traditional Medicine, Ethnobotanical Uses, Bioactive Compounds, Anti-Inflammatory, Antipyretic, Antioxidant, Antidiabetic, Antimicrobial
