Analytical Perspectives on UV Spectrophotometric Assay of Paracetamol, Aspirin, and Vitamin C using Calibration Curve Method: Principles, Practices, and Comparative Evaluation

For over-the-counter (OTC) formulations to be safe, effective, and compliant with regulations, the active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) must be precisely quantified. UV spectrophotometry is unique among analytical methods since it is easy to use, reasonably priced, and appropriate for regular quality control. The principles and use of the calibration curve approach in UV spectrophotometry for the quantitative assay of vitamin C, aspirin, and paracetamol are examined in this paper. It explores the theoretical underpinnings, sample preparation techniques, validation procedures, and comparisons of commercial formulations. The method’s benefits and drawbacks are thoroughly examined, as are upcoming developments in pharmaceutical analysis, including automation, chemometrics, and green chemistry techniques. This thorough review emphasizes the reliability and usefulness of UV spectrophotometric analysis in pharmaceutical quality control, particularly for popular over-the-counter drugs.