1Department of Chemistry, Shrimant Madhavrao Scindia Govt. Model Science College, Gwalior (M.P.) 474002, India
2Department of Chemistry, Amity School of Engineering & Technology, Amity University, Madhya Pradesh, Gwalior (M.P.) 474005, India
*Corresponding Author E-mail: vishnu.ics@gmail.com
Online published on 29 September, 2025.
The present study was carried out to identify the ground water contamination status at various locations in Gwalior district of Madhya Pradesh in India. Ground water is a mainly used as drinking water. However, the quality of Ground water is a critical issue. Ground water samples were collected from hand pumps of different locations in Gwalior district. Collected water samples were analysed for various parameters adopting the methods from Bureau of Indian standard (BIS). Subsequently outcome of the study was compared with BIS guidelines for drinking water. The present study was focused on variations in the water quality during pre-monsoon and post monsoon periods. Results of water quality parameters were pH 7.3±0.3-8.31±0.16, Temperature 19.2±0.3-33.6±0.91°C), conductivity (52.1±0.7-1532±1.3 ms/cm), TDS (122±3.0 -2552±1 mg/l), Total Alkalinity (95±1.0- 418±1.0 mg/l), Total Hardness 104.92±3.4 -1188±0.4 mg/l, Ca-Hardness (31.47±0.95 -239.56±1.0 mg/l), Mg-Hardness (6.25±0.01-141.9±0.2 mg/l) and COD (18.2±0.4-78.4±0.5 mg/l), BOD 1.6±0.3 - 6.6±0.3 mg/l, Nitrates 0.67±0.8-34.77±0.15 mg/l, Sulphate 7.56±0.13 - 1287±0.25 mg/l, Chloride 12.81±0.19-430±0.5 mg/l. The heavy metal and fluoride were found below the detection limit except Zinc. This study revealed that water is being moderately degraded due to rapid Industrialization, use of subsidized fertilizers, pesticides as well as human activities having potential impact on the physico-chemical parameters for water quality.
Ground water quality, Physico-chemical parameters, Heavy metals
