Hydrotropy Driven Green Analytical Methods: A Sustainable Approach for Poorly Water-Soluble Drugs

Artemether and lumefantrine poor aqueous solubility poses significant difficulties for routine analytical estimates, frequently necessitating hazardous chemical solvents and time-consuming extraction techniques. Although accurate, traditional UV-visible spectroscopy, HPLC, UPLC, and LC-MS techniques produce a large amount of toxic waste and are not sustainable. A workable substitute is provided by Green Analytical Chemistry (GAC), which is founded on the ideas of lowering solvent toxicity, cutting waste, and enhancing environmental safety. Using safe, affordable hydrotropic chemicals including sodium benzoate, sodium salicylate, urea, and nicotinamide, hydrotropy a developing green technique improves the solubility of poorly water-soluble medications. These hydrotropes maintain appropriate analytical sensitivity and precision while eliminating or significantly reducing the need for organic solvents. Evidence from the literature shows that hydrotropic solubility and analysis of several poorly soluble medications are successful, demonstrating its application to highly lipophilic antimalarial compounds like lumefantrine and artemether. In addition to highlighting the benefits and drawbacks of both conventional and green/hydrotropic analytical methodologies, this analysis addresses issues such as regulatory acceptance and a lack of validation data. Future prospects focus on developing hybrid hydrotropic-green RP-HPLC techniques and integrating with QbD frameworks. The review concludes that hydrotropy, in line with green chemistry principles, has great potential for creating analytical techniques for antimalarial drug estimate that are safer, more affordable, and ecologically friendly.