Investigation of Fluid Flow, Turbulence and Combustion for various Piston Configurations in a Compression Ignition Engine using CFD Modelling

This study focuses on the effects of compression ignition engine piston crown configurations on the turbulence with combustion and emission characteristics. The shape of the piston crown is mainly responsible for increase in squish, swirl and turbulence. It has direct impact on tumble ratio, turbulent kinetic energy and intensity of turbulence which decide the effective air–fuel mixing. This leads to optimal combustion with high heat transfer, thermal efficiency, power and less pollution. Computational analysis using ANSYS-Fluent is executed to predict the inherent insight of combustion with various piston crowns namely bowl, dished, domed and trunked type. The results prove that the piston crown with bowl configuration produces effective results. For validation of the computational results, an experimental trial is carried out for the bowl piston configuration. The corresponding emissions have been acquired from the CFD simulation and the experimental results were found to be in good agreement.