Association between Body Composition and Iron Deficiency Anaemia among Adolescent Boys in Puducherry

Iron-deficiency Anemia (IDA) occurs when Fe loss and body's requirement for iron is not met by dietary sources such that Fe storage of the organism is depleted. The objective of the present study was to explore the relationship between Body Composition (Fat Percentage, Fat mass, Visceral fat, Muscle Mass and Bone Mass) and Iron Deficiency Anemia among Adolescent Male. Total 315 adolescent male population from Puducherry was included in the study, as purposive sampling method, where the questionnaire composed of Socio-Demographic profile, Dietary Assessment, Life Style Practices was collected, Body Composition was analyzed using Tanita Body Composition Analyzer and Hemoglobin was tested using Cynmethemoglobin method in venous blood, t-test and Regression analysis was applied to assess the statistical analysis. A study covers 315 Adolescent Male aged between 15–19 years, where 50.2% was founded to be an anemic in that 14.9% was mild, 29.2% was moderate and 6% was severe anemia,in case of BMI 39% were lies under normal, 24.8% was underweight, 8.6% was overweight and 27.6% of the participant was obese, in case of body composition anemic participant has normal fat percentage (23.956) whereas non- anemic has higher fat percentage (36.522), where, visceral fat was higher in both anemic (12.139) and non- anemic (33.949) but non-anemic is much higher than anemic, non- anemic participant has higher muscle mass (297.845) comparing with anemic participants (46.897) where in case of bone mass non- anemic has higher (1335.875) than of anemic participant (472.939). The mean value of body composition among anemic and non-anemic has significant difference fat percentage (p=0.000), visceral fat (p=0.053), bone mass (p=0.002) muscle mass is not significant (p<0.05). The Regression analysis has no association. Body composition has high impact on Iron Deficiency Anemia, where the mean value of all the parameters shows higher values in non-anemic categories than that of anemic categories which proves that body composition has strong influence on Iron Deficiency Anemia