1Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Sri Karan Narendra Agriculture University, Jobner-303 329, Rajasthan, India
2Department of Agronomy, Sri Karan Narendra Agriculture University, Jobner-303 329, Rajasthan, India
3Department of Biotechnology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur-584 101, Karnataka, India
*Corresponding Author: Varsha Kumari, Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Sri Karan Narendra Agriculture University, Jobner-303 329, Rajasthan, India, Email: varshagpb@gmail.com
Online Published on 11 July, 2024.
Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR associated nuclease 9 (CRISPR-Cas9) system is a rapid technology for gene editing. CRISPR-Cas9 is an RNA guided gene editing tool where Cas9 acts as endonuclease by cutting the target DNA strand. Double Stranded Breaks (DBS) can be repaired by non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) and homology-directed repair (HDR). The NHEJ employs DNA ligase IV to rejoin the broken ends which cause insertion or deletion mutations, whereas HDR repairs the DSBs based on a homologous complementary template and results in perfect repair of broken ends. CRISPR-Cas9 impart diverse advantageous features in contrast with the conventional methods. In this review article, we have discussed CRISPR-Cas9 based genome editing along with its mechanism of action and role in crop improvement.
Cas9, CRISPR, DSBs, Genome editing, sgRNA
