Hepatotoxicity of Oral Sub-chronic Exposure to Thiamethoxam and Lambda Cyhalothrin in Rats

Thiamethoxam is a synthetic organic insecticide belong to The most significant new class of pesticides created in the last thirty years is neonicotinoids. This study’s objective was to determine the effect of thiamethoxam, lambda cyhalothrin and their combination on biochemical parameters, the levels of free radicals and enzymes activities liver of male.

Forty rats (150-170 g) were used animals were separated into four groups, each with ten rats. The Gp1 was used as control, the Gp2 was used to study the effect of thiamethoxam for 3 weeks, the Gp3 was employed to examine the impact of lambda cyhalothrin for 3 weeks and the Gp4 was used to research the impact of thiamethoxam and lambdacyhalothrin for 3 weeks.

Treatment with thiamethoxam (TMX), lambda cyhalothrin (LC) and their combination (TMX+LC) lowered the activities of glutathione s-Trasferase, Superoxide dismutase, Catalase, Glutathione peroxidase, Glutathione reductase and decreased glutathione concentration. Increased liver thiobarbituric acid reactive compounds and hydrogen peroxide of liver as compared to control. Rats treated with both TMX and LC showed more pronounced effect. Rats given the treatment showed a substantial drop in protein levels TMX, LC and their combination as compared to control. Treatment with TMX, LC and their combination generated a considerable rise in lactate dehydrogenase and a significant reduction in the activities of alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase in rat liver homogenates. Histological examinations showed changes and this proved the Biochemical disruptions happened as a result of to TMX and/or LC toxicity in rat liver.