1Southern Regional Station (SRS), ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute (NDRI), Bengaluru-560 030, Karnataka, India
2Theriogenology Laboratory, Southern Regional Station, ICAR National Dairy Research Institute, Bengaluru-560 030, Karnataka, India
3Division of Animal Nutrition, ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru-560 030, Karnataka, India
4Agricultural Statistics, Southern Regional Station, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Bengaluru-560 030, Karnataka, India
Mastitis is the most common disease of dairy cattle across the globe including India and cause huge economic losses to dairy farmers. Mastitis is also the most common reason for antibiotic usage in dairy animals, which is an important reason for antimicrobial resistance development in human and veterinary important pathogen. Optimization of nutrition and improvement of immunity of lactating cows are important strategies to reduce the susceptibility to mastitis and thereby reduction of antibiotic use. Copper, Zinc and Manganese are important trace minerals for maintaining udder health and immunity but, their contents and bioavailability is affected by several factors. Citrate, the precursor for milk synthesis is an important determinant of udder health but, the role of citrate in udder health is not clear as milk citrate level is affected by various factors. This review discusses about the role of trisodium citrate and various forms of trace minerals in mastitis management in dairy animals.
Bioavailability, Dairy animals, Mastitis, Nano minerals, Trisodium citrate
