Effect of Environmental Factors on Goat Milk and Meat Quality under Field and Farm Rearing Condition: A Review

The main objective of this study is the use of milk and meat composition data for the use of research and extension purpose. All samples were analyzed by an electronic milk analyzer, Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer and Photo flame. Data were analyzed using the ANOVA procedure of RBD (at 5% and 1% significance levels) for the statistical analysis of all milk samples. The specific gravity, fat, calcium, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium and chloride percentage in the milk of Jakhrana as well as Jamunapari goat breeds under farm rearing conditions was significantly higher than that of field rearing conditions. As regards meat quality, the sensory quality of meat of both the breeds under field and farm conditions did not differ significantly from each other. The chemical quality of goat meat, in general, was slightly better in goats reared under field conditions than in farm conditions. All the variables viz. breed, season, stage of lactation and multiple births had conspicuous effects on milk quality of goats under study. However, such variations were not prominently observed in case of meat quality. In the field and farm rearing conditions, milk and meat related agencies would be able to alert farmers whenever threshold values for milk and meat quality were reached, allowing them to improve their dairy production from an economic and ecological and animal welfare point of view.