1University of Science and Technology, Khanapara-793101, Meghalaya, India.
2Department of Economics, Guwahati University, Guwahati-781 014, Assam, India.
3Department of Economics, University of Science and Technology Meghalaya, Khanapara-793101, Meghalaya, India.
*Corresponding Author: Twin Silda K. Marak, University of Science and Technology Meghalaya, Khanapara-793101, Meghalaya, India. Email: twinsilda123@gmail.com
Conventional agriculture’s reliance on synthetic fertilizers and pesticides has led to declining soil health in ecologically fragile regions such as the Garo Hills of Meghalaya. To address these concerns, farmers in North Garo Hills have begun shifting from traditional and chemical-based cultivation to organic banana farming.
The study was conducted during 2023–2024 in selected banana-growing villages of North Garo Hills District, Meghalaya. Both primary and secondary data were collected from 50 farmers. The study assessed organic cultivation practices such as the use of vermicompost, cattle manure and farmyard compost. Comparative and statistical analyses were employed to evaluate environmental and economic outcomes.
Findings indicate that organic farming yields are approximately 18% lower than those under chemical-based cultivation. However, organic systems reduce input costs by 33%, resulting in a 14.3% higher net income per hectare. Organic practices also improved soil fertility, enhanced biodiversity and strengthened overall farmer livelihoods.
Banana cultivation, North Garo Hills, Organic farming, Soil fertility, Sustainable agriculture
