1Department of Animal Production, College of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Mosul, Iraq
2Department of Anesthesia Techniques, Mosul Medical Technical Institute, Northern Technical University, Mosul, Iraq
*Corresponding Author: Hanan Waleed Kasim Agwaan, Department of Animal Production, College of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Mosul, Iraq, Email: hanan_aqwaan@uomosul.edu.iq
This review was designed to shed light on the application of nanoparticles (NPs) and their toxic effects of on the reproductive health of males and females. The use of nanoparticles (NPs) has increased in recent years in various industries due to its small size and physical and chemical properties. This article reviews the effect of different types of metal-based (e.g., silver, gold, zinc oxide) and carbon-based (e.g., graphene oxide) affect reproductive systems in animal models. In males Scientific studies indicate that exposure to various types of nanoparticles (NPs) leads to decreased sperm quality, testicular damage, oxidative stress, hormonal imbalance, programmed cell death in reproductive tissues, weak sperm formation, reduced sperm count and motility, In females, research has indicated that exposure to nanoparticles (NPs) causes hormonal disturbance and decreased fertility due to the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and impact on the functions of the endocrine glands also exposure to nanoparticles (NPs) leads to oxidative stress and cellular damage in ovarian tissue, which disrupts follicle formation and hormone regulation, as well as causing morphological changes in the reproductive organs and preventing uterine implantation.
Cell death, Nanoparticle (NPs), Oxidative stress, Reproduction, Toxicity
