The potential and diversified role of nanoparticles in plant science: A new paradigm in sustainable agriculture

The rapid increase of population has increased the need of food in limited land. To mitigate the demand, a number of approaches are carried out which have disturbed the harmony with our beautiful nature resulting in severe environmental problems. Therefore, current sustainable approaches like nanotechnology can be the potential role player in reducing the harmful effect of other new technologies. The wide functional diversity of these nanoparticles in crop production and protection has shifted the conventional agriculture to “Nano agriculture”. The huge amount of yield loss is mainly reported due to insect and pest responsible for a number of plant diseases. The rapid and more use of agrochemicals are more toxic and hazardous to all human beings and animals. Therefore, the nanotechnology can be the best alternative to agrochemicals with multiple benefits such as minimum use with maximum effect, low leaching, longer shelf life, eco-friendly and long-term effect. Furthermore, nanotechnology has major potential in present and future agriculture system through different approaches like monitoring and detecting pathogens, development of plant by pre-treatment agents, influencing plant growth hormones etc.