Comparison of pain levels after single-visit vs multi-visit root canal treatment

Root canal treatment (RCT) is a common dental procedure aimed at eliminating infection and relieving pain. While traditionally performed over multiple visits, single-visit RCT has gained popularity due to advancements in endodontic techniques. Postoperative pain is a key factor influencing patient comfort and treatment choice.

To compare the intensity of postoperative pain following single-visit and multi-visit root canal treatment.

A total of 50 patients requiring RCT in single- or multi-rooted teeth were randomly assigned to either single-visit (Group A, n=25) or multi-visit (Group B, n=25) treatment. Standardized protocols were followed for instrumentation, irrigation, and obturation. Postoperative pain was recorded using a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) at 6 hours, 24 hours, 48 hours, and 7 days. Analgesic intake and incidence of moderate-to-severe pain were also documented. Statistical analysis was performed to compare pain levels between groups.

The single-visit group reported consistently lower mean VAS scores at all intervals (6 h: 4.2 vs 5.1; 24 h: 3.0 vs 4.0; 48 h: 1.8 vs 2.6; 7 days: 0.4 vs 0.8). Significant differences were observed at 6, 24, and 48 hours (p<0.05), while the 7-day difference was not significant. Moderate-to-severe pain and analgesic use were higher in the multi-visit group. Comparison with previous studies indicated that both single- and multi-visit protocols produce similar postoperative pain, although early pain may be slightly lower in single-visit RCT.

Both single-visit and multi-visit root canal treatments are clinically effective and well-tolerated. Single-visit RCT offers advantages such as reduced chairside time and fewer appointments, making it a safe and convenient option for most patients, including controlled diabetics.