Restorative materials and their effect on periodontal health

Gingival and periodontal diseases in their various forms have affected mankind since the dawn of history. Microbial plaque has been recognised as the most important causative factor in the initiation and progression of periodontal disease. The etiology of periodontal disease can also be iatrogenic in nature. An improperly placed restoration may contribute to the breakdown of periodontal structures. The knowledge of the effect of each restorative service upon periodontal tissues is essential to prevent restoration intrusion into area critical for periodontal health. Any restorative dental procedure must be executed carefully, especially in dentition with preexisting periodontal disease because these patients have exaggerated response to the slightest tissue insults. Conversely, close attention should be paid to the response of the periodontium to the irritation arising from careless techniques, which can irritate or add to the existing inflammation. In turn loss of periodontal support and subsequent tooth loss can occur if the condition is not recognized and treated in its early stages. Therefore, periodontal health must be maintained as the finest restoration will not save the teeth in the people with progressing periodontitis.