Classification of maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes based on morphological characters

Sixty two late maturing maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes were characterized for 23 morphological traits to understand their genetic relatedness which could be helpful in genetic improvement. Principal component analysis revealed eight principal components (PCs), which accounted for 73.460% of the total variability, with ear diameter, ear length and plant height being the most important characters. Based on cluster analysis, the 62 genotypes were separated into three major groups, each with two or more subgroups. The results concluded that morphological diversity is structured by genotypes and this diversity could be utilized for cultivar improvement and germplasm conservation programs.