Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS) Analysis of Hibiscus Sabdariffa L. Calyx Extract and It’s Antimicrobial Activity

During current investigation, GC-MS analysis was performed to identify various phytochemicals present in various Hibiscus sabdariffa L. calyx extracts e.g. hydroethanolic, ethanolic and ethyl acetate extracts. In hydroethanolic extract 33 phytochemicals were identified from which 2-Hexenedioic acid, 2,4-dichloro-5-oxo- (28.19%), Ethyne, fluoro- (19.11%), Nitrous oxide (10.71%), 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (8.41%), 1H-Pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid, 2,5-dihydro-5-oxo- (4.67%), Carbon dioxide (4.62%), 3-Pentenoic acid, 3-ethyl-, methyl ester (4.29%), (2-Aziridinylethyl)amine (3.68%) and Ethane, 1-chloro-1-fluoro-(2.75%) were major compounds. In ethanolic extract 53 compounds were found, from which Acetic acid (39.93%), Hexanedioic acid (14.63%), 3-Pentenoic acid, 3-ethyl-, methyl ester (6.34%), Ethyne, fluoro- (5.99%), l-Alanine ethylamide were major compounds,, whereas in ethyl acetate extract total 21 compounds were identified from which Tetracontane (20.32%), n-Hexadecanoic acid (16.32%), Lup-20(29)-en-3-ol, acetate, (3.beta.)- (11.28%), 9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic acid, (Z,Z,Z)- (6.09%) and 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z)-(5.60%) were major compounds. All of the extracts showed antibacterial activities against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus.