Physico-chemical, bacteriological and pesticide analysis of tap water in the city of Noida, (Uttar Pradesh), India

In the modern era of industrialization, due to increase in the developmental activities, water is being polluted. It is essential to monitor and prevent the pollution load in drinking water as it has a direct link to human health. The objective of this study was to determine physico-chemical characteristics, bacterial contamination and pesticides in tap water samples collected from various selected sites of Noida City. Tap water samples were assessed for physico-chemical parameters like; pH, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Total Hardness, Alkalinity, Fluoride (F), Nitrate (NO₃^–3) and Sulfate (SO₄^–2). The water samples were also analyzed for the presence of fecal bacteria namely: Escherichia coli (E.coli), Salmonella, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and total coliform bacteria present in tap water. Pesticides namely: Chlorobenzilate, Hexachlorobenzene, Benzenether, pp-DDT, op-DDT, pp-DDE, pp-DDD, alpha-HCH, Beta-HCH, Lindane, Vinclozolin, Conumaphos, Malathion, Phosalone, Cyfluthrin, Cypermethrin, Deltamethrin, Permethrin, Fenvalerate, Fluvalinate, Cyhalothrin, Carbofurn, Propoxeur, Carbaryl, Cymiazol, Amitraz, Bromprophylate, Chinomethionate were also detected.