Production and Stability Studies of the Biosurfactant Isolated from Alkaliphilic Bacterium SJS1

Mostly oil spills occurs in sea ocean and coastal areas, required the best candidate for the degradation of hydrocarbons such as chemical surfactant and synthetic chemicals to minimize such oil spills are primarily effective strategies with environmental risk so the aims of these studies the isolation and characterization of a alkaline and halotolerant bacteria which was isolated from Lonar Crater and able to utilize different oil as carbon source and produces biosurfactant.

In present investigation was to determine surfactant substance producing bacterium of Lonar Lake using minimal salt medium with various oil as a carbon sources. Biosurfactant-producing microorganisms were isolated and screening was done on the basis of Drop collapse test, Oil spread and emulsification index.

A total of six bacteria were isolated from the water and sediment samples collected from the of Lonar crater, India. Out of them SJS1was selected for production and, partial characterizations of biosurfactant. A Gram negative bacterium was studied by morphological, physiological and biochemical characterization. The bacterium SJS1 grew in medium containing sodium chloride (NaCl w/v) from 0.5 to 7% and at pH 7–12. The production of a biosurfactant by Bacteria SJS1 was studied to evaluate the influence of the concentration of different oil. SJS1 was able to grow at high salinity conditions and produce biosurfactants. The organism grew and produced biosurfactant when cultured in salinities up to 3 g l-1and temperatures up to 60°C. The biosurfactant was highly stable over broad temperature, pH and NaCl, showing excellent thermostablity, and haloalkaline tolerant nature. The biosurfactant produced by the organism emulsified a range of oil with as Ground nut and Coconut oil best substrate whereas Sesame oil was the poorest.

This is valuable information for biosurfactant production and optimization has bright future towards the improvement and production of novel biosurfactant for entirely new areas of environmental and biotechnological applications. The results confirmed, their enhancing capability on both efficiency and rate of hydrocarbon degradation from water and soil.