Worldwide approach of sensor-based sowing machinery: A Review

Precision sowing is the most important operation in precision farming which involve precise depth, spacing and desired seed rate. Sowing machine is used to place seeds at the proper depth, cover them and desire plant population per unit area. In sowing machinery, proper depth of sowing, spacing of seeds and number of seed is most important in agriculture for better productivity of crops and for achieving all of these sensor-based technology involved in sowing machinery for precision sowing operation. It’s a challenging task for the sowing machine to achieve a uniform placement of seed at the optimal depth, mainly due to variations in soil resistance in field conditions. Sowing machine components and their performance are entirely invisible to the operator, there are no indicators of sowing quality during field operation. Despite the fact that the number of factors affecting the quality of sowing, it is possible to achieve the desired seed spacing, uniformity and increase yields if feedback on the seed drill performance is provided and its sowing performance displayed to the tractor operator via a monitor. The sensor-based technology is capable of achieving all the above mentions. Sensors are used to take real time information during operation and converted it into a readable form which shows the depth of sowing, seed rate and uniformity.