Comparison of GHG emissions of inefficient and efficient small scale maize farmers in Niger State of Nigeria using data envelopment analysis

This research empirically compared GHG emissions between efficient ant inefficient maize producers in Niger State, Nigeria using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). Data for the study were obtained from Kuta agricultural zone in the state viz. 120 active maize farmers using multi-stage sampling technique. Instruments for data were pre-tested questionnaire coupled with interview schedule. Energy efficiency of maize farmers was studied and degrees of overall technical efficiency (CCR), pure technical efficiency (BCC) and scale efficiency (SE) were determined using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). Additionally, wasteful uses of energy by inefficient DMUs (farms) were examined, and energy saving of different sources estimated. Furthermore, the effect of energy optimization on greenhouse gas (GHG) emission was investigated and the total amount of GHG emission of efficient DMUs was compared with inefficient DMUs. Results revealed that approximately 9.2% of the farmers were technically efficient with an estimated mean TE of 0.68. Furthermore, when BCC model was assumed, 24 farmers (DMUs) were identified to be locally efficient (20%), with mean PTE of 0.78. From the results, it was inferred that 32% (768.89MJ ha⁻¹) of overall input energies can be saved if the performance of inefficient DMUs (farms) rose to a high level. Comparative results of GHG emissions for efficient farmers and inefficient farmers revealed that the amount of CO2 emissions in efficient DMUs was less than inefficient DMUs. Generally, application of data envelopment analysis method can significantly improve energy efficiency and GHG emissions in maize production in the state.