Microbes Play Major Roles in the Ecosystem Services

Healthy agro-and natural ecosystems are very crucial factors for the survival of all living organisms. Without ecosystems thriving, we cannot expect for a harmless environment and stable climate. Due to indiscriminate increase in human population and overexploitation of natural resources, ecosystems are deteriorating continuously and impacting negatively the earth's biodiversity. There are ample scientific proofs that agro and natural ecosystems are unsustainable for living organisms including human beings. Huge quantity of effluents containing highly toxic chemical such as pesticides and heavy metals are polluting the aquatic ecosystems including rivers, ponds and lakes. The rapid industrialisation and use of synthetic chemicals in augmenting agricultural yields are the major causes for the disturbances of various ecosystems sustenance. Consequently, global biodiversity is currently facing an imminent state of danger and scientific communities are concerned about the removal of recalcitrant hazardous pollutants from the environment in a more sustainable way. Microbes with their inherent metabolic potential, as a unique bio-resource, can be exploited for various ecosystems services such as bio-geochemical cycling, green house gas mitigation, restoration of degraded aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, etc. In this opinion article an attempt has been made to elaborate the role of diverse microbial groups in various ecosystems services.