Genetic variability analysis for yield traits in sponge gourd (Luffa cylindrica) in arid environment

The genetic variability, heritability, and genetic advance for 12 yield and yield contributing traits were analyzed in 26 sponge gourd (Luffa cylindrica L.) genotypes at ICAR-CIAH, Bikaner during 2023. There were significant differences in all traits. A broad range of variation was observed in total marketable fruit yield, fruit weight, and days to first fruit harvesting. The phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was higher than genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV), indicating the substantial influence of environmental factors on trait expression. High heritability and genetic advance were observed for fruit diameter and marketable fruit yield, suggesting the predominance of additive gene action. These findings indicate that fruit yield can be enhanced through selection, while traits with lower genetic advance may benefit from hybridization and other breeding approaches.