A comparitive study on levels of sirt 1 and antioxidant status in type 2 diabetic and diabetic nephropathic patients - A case control study

Diabetic nephropathy is a leading cause of end-stage renal failure worldwide. Its morphologicc haracteristics include glomerular hypertrophy, basement membrane thickening, mesangial expansion, tubular atrophy, interstitial fibrosis and arteriolar thickening. All of these are part and parcel of micro vascular complications of diabetes. Previous study evidences indicates that oxidative stress is the common denominator link for the major pathways involved in the development and progression of diabetic microas well as macro vascular complications of diabetes. SIRT1 deacetylates target proteins using the coenzyme NAD⁺ and is therefore linked to cellular energy metabolism and the redox state through multiple signalling and survival pathways. SIRT1 deficiency under various stress conditions, such as metabolic or oxidative stress or hypoxia, is implicated in the pathophysiologies of agerelated diseases including diabetes, cardio vascular diseases, neurodegenerative disorders and renal diseases. Objective The present study is one such attempt to find the relation between SIRT 1 levels and antioxidant status in diabetic nephropathy in ethnic south Indian population. In the present study, we focus on the protective functions of sirtuins and the association of sirtuins with the pathophysiology of renal diseases, including diabetic nephropathy. Methodology: In the present study, 30 cases presenting with diabetic Nephropathy and 30 ageand sex matched controls with Type 2 diabetes were included in the study. Results: We found there was significant increase in the levels of all parameters such as MDA, SOD, GPx, GR, and SIRT1 in Diabetic Nephropathy patients when compared with Type 2 diabetes Mellitus subjects. Conclusion: This study revealed that Sirt 1 plays a role in susceptibility to diabetic nephropathy patients with type 2 DM.Therefore the activation of SIRT1 in the kidney may be a new therapeutic target to increase resistance to many causal factors in the development of renal diseases, including diabetic nephropathy.