An efficient protocol for shoot bud induction and regeneration of Tylophora indica, an endangered medicinal plant

The efficiency of Marashige and Skoog (MS), Linsmaier and Skoog (LS), B5 and L6 media on shoot bud induction was evaluated with explants such as leaf, shoot and root of Tylophora indica in the presence of different concentrations (0.1–10 mg/l) of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) or kinetin (KN) administered individually or in combination with auxins. Among the four media and three explants employed, MS medium followed by LS, B5 and L6 (MS>LS>B5>L6) and leaf followed by shoot and root (leaf > shoot > root) resulted in higher frequency (90%) of shoot bud formation and maximum number of mean shoot buds (16.2). Among the auxins supplemented either individually or in combinations 2, 4dichlorophenoxyaceticacid (2,4-D, 0.1 mg/l) in combination with BAP (2.0 mg/l) produced maximum number of shoot buds with leaf explants. The shoot buds were sub-cultured on MS medium supplemented with low levels (0.01–0.05 mg/l) of BAP which resulted in shoot elongation. When shoots were grown on MS basal medium supplemented with IAA (0.5 mg/l) resulted in rhizogenesis and root growth. Whole plants were transferred to pots successfully with 90% survival rate