Protective Role of Coriandrum sativum Seed Extract against Lead-Induced Oxidative Stress in Rat Liver and Kidney

Lead (Pb) is a well-known multi-organ toxicant and it damages liver and kidney. The objective of the present investigation was to determine the therapeutic role of Coriandrum sativum seed extract against lead-induced oxidative stress in rat liver and kidney. Male rats were divided into four groups: control (1000 ppm sodium acetate) and exposed (1000 ppm lead acetate) for 4 weeks; Coriandrum sativumtreated 1 (CST1) 250 mg/kg body weight/day and Coriandrum sativum-treated 2 (CST2) 500 mg/kg body weight/day (CST2) received separately the hydro-alcoholic seed extract of Coriandrum sativum for seven consecutive days after 4 weeks of lead exposure. After exposure and treatment periods, rats were sacrificed and the liver and kidney were isolated in all the groups. Blood was immediately stored at 4°C in heparinized vials. In liver and kidney, the reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation products (LPP) and total protein carbonyl content (TPCC) were estimated following standard protocols. Delta-ALAD activity (δ-ALAD), Hemoglobin (Hb) concentration, red blood cell (RBC) count, white blood cell (WBC) count, and mean cell volume (MCV) were determined in blood. The data suggested a significant (p<0.05) increase in ROS, LPP and TPCC of liver and kidney in the exposed group compared with their respective controls. ROS levels were high in kidney than in liver of lead exposed group. Though the recovery was similar in both the organs, CST2 group showed higherrecovery than that of CST1 group. The maximum recovery for LPP was seen in CST2 treated kidney restoring back to normal levels. Maximum increase in TPCC levels was found in exposed kidney than in liver. Whereas recovery for TPCC was partial in liver of CST1 group but complete in liver of CST2. Delta-ALAD activity, Hb, RBC, WBC and MCV showed a significant (p<0.05) decrease in exposed group. However, upon treatment with Coriandrum sativum, CST1 group showed partial restoration in some hematological parameters. Whereas, CST2 group showed restoration of deranged hematological parameters back to control. In conclusion, these results suggest that the seed extract of Coriandrum sativum might reduce the leadinduced oxidative stress organ specifically by its antioxidant and metal chelating activity and the mechanism needs to be studied further.