Detection of Some useful Phytochemicals in Prop Root Extracts of Ficus benghalensis

The various plant parts (stem, leaf, bark, fruit and sap) extract of Ficus benghalensis had been known for their anathematic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidants, antidiabetic, immuno-modulatory and antimicrobial activity for ancient time. These plant part extracts are used in various ayurvedic medicines to treat diarrhea, dysentery and piles, teeth disorders, rheumatism, skin disorders like sores and to boost immune system. The present study was focused on the prop root extracts (hydro & ethanolic) of F. benghalensis against the pure bacterial strains of human oral cavity which inhibits gingival and supragingival diseases and was also analyzed for the bioactive phytochemicals compounds. The qualitative analysis of the F. benghalensis prop roots crude hydroextract revealed the presence of flavonoids, saponins, steroids and reducing sugars while ethanolic extracts showed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, and glycosides additionally. The Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy (LCMS) showed presence of α-ethyl-α-phenyl glutarimide, 1, 2- Dihexanoyl-sn-Glycero-3-Phosphocholine, Antimony trisulfide, 2, 2, 2-trichloroethanol, Antimony trioxide at retention time of 1.586 min., 12.377 min., 13.646 min., 14.376 min., and 22.185 min respectively in crude hydroextract of prop roots of F. benghalensis. The Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) product as bioactive compound was identified as 2-chloroethyl phosphonic acid. The antibacterial activity of crude hydroextract were also determined and found the encouraging results against bacterial strain Streptococcus sp. (8 mm zone of inhibition), Lactobacillus sp. (9 mm), Actinobacillus sp. (7 mm), Fusobacterium sp. (9 mm) but TLC separated product (2-chloroethyl phosphonic acid) showed antibacterial activity only against Lactobacillus sp. as 17 mm zone of inhibition.