Navigating sugarcane's growth matrix for yield maximization through Ethrel and GA₃: Beyond traditions

Sugarcane crop growth matrix is restricted by high temperature and limited growth period. This causes considerable reduction in crop and sucrose yields. Temporal invigoration of growth during the crop cycle for yield maximization is therefore need of the hour in Indian sub tropics. This study hypothesises that foliar applications of growth regulators, specifically Ethrel and gibberellic acid (GA₃), can effectively address common constraints in sugarcane cultivation, such as poor germination, low tillering, and suboptimal ratoon yields. The study employed a comprehensive approach to evaluate the effects of Ethrel and GA₃ on sugarcane growth and yield. It dealt with higher shoot population, increased leaf area index and stalk elongation during the growth period, both induced through Ethrel soaking and Gibberellic acid applications, and were positively associated with increased dry matter and sucrose contents. Field trials (2021-2023) were conducted to measure their influence on cane growth, sucrose accumulation, and overall yield. Foliar application of growth hormones has mitigated constraints in sugarcane cultivation by influencing biological processes, gene expression, and yield components. Ethrel and Gibberellin (GA₃) are significant players in sugarcane agriculture, impacting cane. This current article reviews the roles of these chemicals in regulating sugarcane growth and development and provides insights into fundamental mechanisms and practical implications. By examining the effects of Ethrel and GA₃ on overcoming limitations and enhancing obtainable yield potential (OYP) against theoretical yield potential (TYP), this article contributes to a deeper understanding of plant growth regulators utilization in sugarcane cultivation.