Effect of maize (Zea mays)-based intercropping systems on maize yield and associated weeds under rainfed condition

An experiment was conducted during the rainy seasons of 1998 and 1999 at the research farm of Rajendra Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur, to study the effect of maize (Zea mays L.)-based intercropping systems on maize yield and associated weeds under rainfed condition. Intercropping systems reduced the values of yield attributes and grain yield of maize than sole cropping of maize, but significant reduction in cob length, kernels/row, grains/cob and grain yield was recorded only with sesame (Sesamum indicum L), turmeric (Curcuma longa L) and forage meth [Phaseolus aconitifolius (Jacq) Marechal] intercropping systems. All intercropping systems recorded significantly higher maize-equivalent yield, productivity (kg/ha/day) and significant reduction in weed population and weed dry-biomass than sole cropping of maize. Among the intercropping systems, maize + turmeric showed significantly higher maize-equivalent yield and productivity (kg/ha/day), however significantly lower values of these were associated with maize + sesame. Maize + forage meth recorded the lowest weed population, weed dry-biomass and highest weed-control efficiency. Highest weed population, weed dry biomass and lowest weed-control efficiency were found with maize + pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] intercropping system.