Biological and economical feasibility of chickpea (Cicer arietinum) + Indian mustard (Brassicajuncea) cropping systems under varying levels of phosphorus

A study was undertaken by introducing Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L) Czernj. & Cosson] as an intercrop with chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) in 2 row proportions, viz. 6:2 and 8:2, fertilized with 0, 30, 60 and 90 kg P₂O₅/ha during the winter season of 1998–99 and 1999–2000, to assess the biological and economical feasibility of chickpea + Indian mustard in association under varying levels of phosphorus. Intercropping systems reduced the values of yield attributes and seed yield of chickpea, while reverse was true in case of Indian mustard than sole cropping of chickpea and Indian mustard respectively. Both intercropping systems recorded significantly higher chickpea-equivalent yield, net monetary returns and benefit: cost ratio than its sole cropping. Among the intercropping systems, 8:2 row ratio proved most efficient and profitable system resulting in maximum chickpea-equivalent yield (24.31 q/ha), net monetary returns (Rs 17,101/ha), benefit: cost ratio (2:11) and land-equivalent ratio (1.19). Both chickpea and Indian mustard in sole and intercropping systems responded favourably up to 60 kg P₂O₅/ha only for yield attributes, yield and net monetary returns over no phosphorus and 30 kg P₂O₅/ha. The interaction effects of the factors showed that mean chickpea equivalents responded to P application up to 60 kg/ha in sole stands and up to 90 kg P₂O₅/ha in intercropping systems.