1Senior Scientist (Agronomy), College of Agriculture, OUAT, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751 003
2Dean, College of Agriculture, OUAT, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751 003
3Senior Scientist (Soil Sciences)
On-Farm Research Centre, All India Coordinated Research Project on Integrated Farming Systems, Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology, Angul, Odisha, 759 132
*Corresponding author's Email: alokpatra2000@gmail.com
Online published on 22 February, 2019.
A field experiment was conducted during 2011–12 and 2012–13 at farmers’ field of Angul district under mid-central table land zone of Odisha, to assess productivity, profitability and resource-use efficiency of 5 different rice (Oryza sativa L.)-based cropping systems, viz. rice-groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.), rice-greengram [Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek], rice-cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.], rice-okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench] and rice-onion (Allium cepa L.). Rice-onion and rice-okra cropping systems recorded significantly higher average rice-equivalent yields (15.47 and 14.67 t/ha respectively) than the other systems evaluated, the relative production efficiency being 104 and 94% over the existing rice-groundnut system (7.57 t/ha). The highest land-use efficiency was exhibited with rice-onion (73.7%). Rice-greengram exhibited the highest irrigation wateruse efficiency (427 kg REY/ha), whereas rice-cowpea recorded the highest apparent nutrient-use productivity (56 kg REY/kg NPK applied). Rice-okra and rice-onion had higher employment-generation efficiency (116 and 108% respectively). Rice-cowpea showed the highest energy-use efficiency (6.30) and energy-output efficiency (844 MJ/ha/day). Rice-okra registered the highest net returns of 97, 740/ha followed by rice-onion system ( 96, 974/ha). These 2 systems revealed higher system profitability ( 268 and 266/ha/day) and crop profitability ( 386 and 360/ha/day). Rice-okra and rice-onion systems recorded higher benefit: cost ratio of 2.43 and 2.25 with higher relative production efficiency (94 and 104%) and relative economic efficiency (291 and 288%) compared to rice-groundnut system. Rice-okra and rice-onion cropping systems were the most productive and remunerative cropping systems and can be followed in place of existing rice-groundnut system under mid-central table land of Odisha with 8–9 irrigations to rabi/summer crops.
Diversification, Economics, Energy-use efficiency, Production efficiency, Rice-based cropping systems, System productivity
